نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر اتصال انتهای نوارهای آبیاری قطره‌ای-نواری و تشکیل حالت حلقوی و آب مغناطیسی بر عملکرد هیدرولیکی سامانه آبیاری و کارایی مصرف آب در ذرت رقم ماگسیما بود. پژوهش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالـب بلوک‌هـای کامـل تصـادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. برای ایجاد میدان مغناطیسی ثابت از یک عدد سیم‌لولـه و مبدل بـرق متناوب به ثابت و برای تعیین نیاز آبی گیاه ذرت، از داده‌های به‌هنگام پارامترهای هواشناسی ایستگاه سینوپتیک زنجان و روش فائو 56 استفاده شد. نتایج ارزیابی هیدرولیکی سامانه نشان داد، اتصال حلقوی نسبت به غیرحلقوی موجب 13% افزایش میانگین دبی سامانه خروجی‌ها، 98/1% کاهش ضریب تغییرات و افزایش مقادیر متوسط یکنواختی پخش آب و ضریب کریستیانسن به­میزان 2/2و 5/1% شد. کاربرد آب مغناطیسی باعث 2/4% افزایش میانگین دبی روزنه‌های نوارها و 98/0% کاهش ضریب تغییرات سامانه شد. نتایج ارزیابی صفات گیاهی نشان داد میانگین وزن‌تر، کارایی مصرف آب در وزن‌تر، وزن خشک و قطر ساقه ذرت در اتصال حلقوی لاترال‌ها به ترتیب 27، 27، 32 و 13% افزایش داشت. آبیاری ذرت با آب مغناطیسی باعث افزایش میانگین وزن‌تر، کارایی مصرف آب در وزن‌تر، وزن خشک و سطح برگ گیاه به­ترتیب 9، 5/9، 4/1 و 17% شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Combined Effect of Tape Drip Irrigation System Looping and Magnetic Water on Hydraulic Performance of Irrigation System and Water Use Efficiency in Maize

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jaefar Nikbakht 1
  • Amir Talei 2
  • Ali Reza Vaezi 3

1 Assoc. Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Agricultural Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

2 M.Sc. Alumni, Department of Water Engineering, Agricultural Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Agricultural Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In this research, the effect of forming a loop layout by connecting the lateral ends in a tape irrigation system and magnetic water on yield and water use efficiency of maize cv. Maxima was investigated. The research was done as split plots on completely randomized blocks in three replications. Tube wires and an AC to DC converter were used to create a magnetic field. Maize water requirement was calculated using real-time meteorological parameters data of Zanjan synoptic station and FAO-56 method. Results showed loop connection compared with no-loop increased means of the system discharge by 13%, decreased coefficient of variation by 1.98%, and increased emission uniformity and Christiansen’s Uniformity coefficient by 2.2 and 1.5% (respectively). Magnetic water increased the means of the system discharge by 4.2% and decreased the coefficient of variation by 0.98% compared with no-magnetic water. Results of the measured plant traits showed that, compared with the conventional layout of the system, looping of the irrigation system increased means of the fresh plant weight, water use efficiency based on fresh plant weight, plant dry weight, and stem diameter by 27, 27, 32, and 13% respectively. Compared with non-magnetic water irrigation, magnetic water irrigation increased means of the fresh plant weight, water use efficiency based on fresh plant weight, plant dry weight, and leaf area by 9, 9.5, 1.4, and 17% respectively. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Christiansen’s Uniformity Coefficient
  • Emission Uniformity
  • Lateral End Connection
  • Magnetic Field
  • Maize
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