نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده علوم دریایی و منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، شهرستان نور، مازندران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده علوم دریایی و منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، شهرستان نور، مازندران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه منابع‌طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی کارایی مدل SWAT در شبیه‌سازی جریان و تعیین مؤلفه‌های رواناب در آبخیز سد قشلاق است. با استفاده از بهینه‌ساز SWAT-CUP اقدام به بهینه‌سازی پارامترها شد. بدین منظور واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل با استفاده از الگوریتم SUFI-2 به‌ترتیب برای سال‌های 1989 تا 2016 و 2016 تا 2018 انجام شد. براساس نتایج آنالیز حساسیت پارامترهای از جمله، شماره منحنی رواناب، ضریب مانینگ برای جریان سطحی در بالادست، حداقل و حداکثر ذوب برف در طول سال، کمینه عمق آب بیش‌ترین تأثیر را در کارایی مدل در شبیه‌سازی جریان داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار NS و ضریب R2 به‌ترتیب 62/0 و 65/0 برای دوره واسنجی و 61/0 و 68/0 برای دوره اعتبارسنجی به‌دست آمد. نتایج حاکی از کارایی بالایی مدل در شبیه‌سازی جریان ماهانه حوضه سد قشلاق است. نتایج نشان داد که از مجموع بارش ورودی، مقدار 55% بارش صرف تبخیر و تعرق، 30% تبدیل به نفوذ عمقی و مقدار 15% به جریان سطحی تبدیل شده است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند ضمن ارائه اطلاعات مفیدی در مورد بیلان آبی حوضه، کارایی مدل SWAT را در شبیه‌سازی جریان در شرایط مختلف اقلیمی و کاربری اراضی در آینده فراهم نموده و به ‌برنامه‌ریزی دقیق‌تر منابع آب، در این حوضه کمک نماید..

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation and Determination of Hydrological Balance Components in The Upstream of Gheshlagh Dam Using SWAT Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sonia Mehri 1
  • Hamid Reza Moradi 2
  • Raoof Mostafazadeh 3

1 Ph.D Scholar, Department of Watershed Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modarress University, Noor City, Mazandaran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Watershed Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modarress University, Noor City, Mazandaran, Iran

3 Assoc. Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to simulate the runoff in the upstream of Chehlgezi hydrometery station in the Gheshlagh Dam watershed, Kurdistan province using SWAT hydrological model. In addition, the results have been evaluated using selected efficiency criteria in the calibration and validation stages, then the performance of the SWAT model is evaluated in simulating the monthly runoff in upland of Gheshlagh Dam. The input model parameters were optimized using the SWAT-CUP optimizer. The calibration and validation of the model was done using SUFI-2 algorithm during 1989-2016 and 2016-2018 periods, respectively. The sensitivity analysis shows that the SCS runoff curve number, Manning’s "n" value for overland flow, minimum and maximum yearly rate of snowmelt, minimum water depth in the shallow aquifer for "revap" were sensitive parameters in flow simulation. The Nash-Sutcliffe and R2 values were 0.62 and 0.65 in the calibration stage, and 0.61 and 0.68 in validation stage, respectively. The results proved the efficiency of the SWAT in monthly flow simulating. According to the results, 55% of the total rainfall entering the watershed has been converted to evapotranspiration, 30% infiltrated into soil and stored as soil moisture, and 15% converted into surface flow component. The results provide useful information on watershed water balance. Flow simulation in different climatic conditions and land-use scenarios in the future can help to sound water resources management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Algorithm SUFT-2
  • Water balance
  • Watershed hydrology
  • Resource management
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