نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فاضلاب‌های بیمارستانی یکی از عفونی‌ترین و خطرناک‌ترین فاضلاب‌ها می‌باشند که ممکن است حاوی مقدار زیادی خرده­زیستمندهای بیماری­زا  و آلاینده‌های خطرناک باشند. بیش از 80 نوع مختلف مواد داروئی در آن پیداشده است که این مواد در فرآیندهای تصفیه بیولوژیکی به‌صورت کامل حذف نمی‌شوند و به آب­های پذیرنده می‌رسند. در این پژوهش یکی از بیمارستان‌های مهم شهر تهران در یک منطقه پرازدحام و با حجم بالای مراجعه‌کننده، موردبررسی قرار گرفت. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی وجود ترکیبات دارویی به‌ویژه آرام‌بخش‌ها در پساب تصفیه‌شده بیمارستانی از طریق 3 مرتبه نمونه‌برداری به روش نمونه‌برداری لحظه‌ای است. نمومه ها از خروجی تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب بیمارستان و نمونه‌های مذکور با استفاده از روش استخراج فاز جامد SPE آماده ‌شدند. مواد استخراج‌شده به­وسیله دستگاه HPLC با آشکارساز UV و FLD اندازه‌گیری و موجب شناسایی انواع مختلف آرام‌بخش‌ها ازجمله Diazepam، Oxazepam، Lorazepam، Alprazolam Clonazepam، Chlordiazepoxide و Bromazepam شد. میانگین غلظت آرام‌بخش‌های به‌دست‌آمده در نمونه‌برداری دی‌ماه، بیش­ترین غلظت مربوط به Lorazepam با میانگین ng/l 15/0 و کم­ترین آن‌ها Chlordiazepoxide با میانگین ng/l 02/0 مشاهده شد. در نمونه‌برداری بهمن‌ماه بیش­ترین غلظت آرام‌بخش Lorazepam با میانگین ng/l 15/0 و کم­ترین آن‌ها Chlordiazepoxide با میانگین ng/l 02/0 اندازه‌گیری شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Existence of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Hospital Treated Wastewater (Case Study: Sedatives in One of the Hospitals in District 11 of Tehran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Rahimvand 1
  • Nooshin Sajadi 2

1 M.Sc., Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University. Tehran, Iran

2 Assist. Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, and Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Hospital wastewater is one of the most infectious and dangerous wastewaters that may contain large amounts of pathogenic microorganisms, dangerous pollutants of various hormones. More than 80 different types of drugs have been found that are not completely eliminated in biological processes and reach the receiving water. In this study, one of the important hospitals of Tehran, in a crowded area with high volume of referrals, was investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of drugs, especially sedative drug compounds, in hospital treated wastewater. For this purpose, instant sampling was carried out three times from the effluent of the hospital wastewater treatment plant and the samples were conditioned using solid phase extraction (SPE) method. The extracted materials were measured by HPLC equipped with UV and FLD detectors, resulting in the identification of various sedatives (including Diazepam, Oxazepam, Lorazepam, Alprazolam Clonazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, and Bromazepam). The mean concentration of sedatives in the January sampling showed that the highest concentration observed for Lorasepam with a mean of 0.15 ng/l and the lowest one for Chlordiazepoxide with a mean of 0.02 ng/l. The highest and lowest concentrations measured in February were 0.15 and 0.02 ng/l for Lorasepam and Chlordiazepoxide respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hospital Wasteater
  • Instant Sampling
  • Pharmaceutical Compounds
  • Sedative
  • Wastewater Treatment Plant
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