Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Campus Faculties of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Alumni, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Campus Faculties of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 M.Sc. Student, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Campus Faculties of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Due to its particular physical and chemical conditions, river estuary can affect the structure and concentration of heavy metals present in river water at the time of mixing freshwater and seawater. The mixing of saline and fresh water plays an essential role in autopurification and sedimentation of heavy metals. In the present study, the autopurification of Cd, Co, Ni, Cr and Pb elements was assessed during mixing of Caspian Sea and Shafarood River freshwater in its estuary under laboratory conditions and through controlled potential reduction, pH, DO, and salinity. The rate of heavy metal flocculation at the estuary was Cd (62.2%)

Keywords

Akbal F. and Camci S. (2011). Copper, chromium and nickel Removal from metal plating wastewater by electrocoagulation. Desal., 269, 214-222.
 
Bagheri H., Sharmad T., Kheirabadi V., Darvish Bastami K. and Bagheri, Z. (2001), Measurement and evaluation of heavy metal contamination in Gorganroud river sediments. Oceanograph., 2, 5 [In Persian].
 
Bayati A. and Karbassi A. (2012) Investigating the flocculation of Heavy elements during estuaries blending in the south of Iran. Sci. Technol. Environ., 14, 3 [In Persian].
 
Bayati A., Karbassi A., Hassani A., Monavari S. M. and Moattar, F. (2010a); Role metal species in flocculation rate during estuarine mixing. Int. J. Environ Sci, 7(2), 327-336
 
Chen, G. (2004). Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment. Sep. Purif. Technol. 38, 11- 41.
 
Chen X. Chen G. and Yue P. (2000). Separation of pollutants from restaurant wastewater by electrocoagulation. Sep. Purif. Technol., 19, 65-76.
 
Day J., Hall C., Kemp W. and Yenz-Arancibia A. (1989), Estuarine ecology. New York U.S.A.: John Wiley.
 
Duinker J. and Nolting, R. (1977) Dissolved and particulate trace metals in the operating cost of electrocoagulation. Can J. Chem Eng., 72, 1007-1012.
 
Karbassi A., Heidari, M. and Ayaz Gh. (2015). Investigation of self-purification of heavy metals during mixing of river water with seawater. Nat. Environ., 69, 1, 171-181 [In Persian].
 
Karbassi A. R. Nouri J. Nabi Bidhend, G. R. and Ayaz G. O. (2008b). Behavior of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and Mn during mixing of freshwater with Caspian seawater. Desalination, 229 (1-3), 118-124.
 
Koren J. P. F. and Syversen U. (1995). State-of-the-art electroflocculation. Filtr. Sep., 32(2), 153-146.
Langmuir D. (1977). Aqueous environmental geochemistry. Prentic-Hall.
 
Marefat A., Karbassi A. and Sereshti H. (2016) Investigating the behavior of heavy metals during the sediment mixing of the Sefidrud River with the Caspian Sea. Environ. Sci., 15, 51-62 [In Persian].
 
Pritchard D. W. (1967). What is estuary: Physical viewpoints, estuaries, G.H. lauff (Ed). American association for advanced of science, Washington, D. C. Publication No. 83.
 
Sholkovitze E. R. (1976). Flocculation of dissolved organic and inorganic matter during the mixing river water and seawater. Geochim. Cosmochim., 40 (7), 831-845.
 
Sholkovitze E. R. and Copland D. (1981). The coagulation, solubility and adsorption properties of Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Co and humic acids on river water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 181-189.
 
Young R. (2001). Geo-environmental engineering – contaminated soils, Pollutant fate and Ylitigation, CRC Press
 
Bazrafshan E. and Mahvi A. (2006). Application of electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes for removal of heavy metal cadmium from aqueous environments, Tabib Shargh, 9, 1[In Persian].