نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از بقایای گیاهی به‌عنوان کود آلی در سیستم­های کشاورزی پایدار به منظور حفظ حاصل­خیزی خاک و رسیدن به تولید پایدار اهمیت زیادی دارد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی بقایای گیاهی گندم، ذرت و نیشکر سبز بر  خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک در چند بافت متفاوت خاک است. برای این منظور، آزمایشی گلدانی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز انجام شد. برای این منظور بقایای کاه و کلش گندم، ذرت و نیشکر سبز به سه خاک با بافت­های سیلتی لوم، لوم و شنی اضافه و خاک­ها در شرایط انکوباسیون در دو دوره 30 و 120 روزه قرار گرفتند. تغییرات خصوصیات کربن­آلی، نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، اسیدیته و شوری خاک تحت تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف بقایای گیاهی بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میزان کربن آلی، نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و اسیدیته خاک با کاربرد بقایای گیاهی به طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت درحالی­که شوری خاک تحت تأثیر بقایای گیاهی قرار نگرفت. بقایای نیشکر بر میزان کربن آلی و اسیدیته، بقایای گندم بر میزان پتاسیم و نیتروژن و بقایای ذرت بر فسفر و نیتروژن بیشترین تأثیر را داشت. در این تحقیق مشخص شد که با حفظ 50 درصد از بقایای گیاهی به­ویژه کاه و کلش گندم، علاوه بر بهبود شرایط فیزیکوشیمیایی خاک نیاز به مصرف عناصر غذایی نیز به طور چشمگیری کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Corn, Wheat, and Green Sugarcane Residues on Soil Properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sedigheh Makari 1
  • Seyed Fakhrodin Afzali 2

1 Graduated Student, Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

2 Assist. Professor, Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The use of plant residues as fertilizer in sustainable agricultural systems is important in order to maintain soil fertility and achieve sustainable production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant residues of wheat, corn, and green sugarcane on some soil chemical properties. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University. To test the straw and wheat straw, corn, and sugarcane residues, three types of soils with silty loam texture, loam, and sand were added under incubation conditions in two periods of 30 and 120 days. Changes in organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, acidity, and soil salinity were investigated under different treatments of plant residues. The results showed that the amount of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil acidity increased significantly with application of plant residues. Soil salinity was not affected by plant residues. Residues of sugarcane on the amount of organic carbon and acidity, wheat residues on potassium and nitrogen and corn residues on phosphorus and nitrogen had the most effect. In our research, it was found that maintaining 50% of plant residues, especially straw and wheat straw, not only improved the physicochemical conditions of the soil, but also the need for nutrient consumption decreased significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant residues
  • Dezhgah
  • Organic Carbon
  • Amir Kabir Culture and Industry
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