نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه هیدرولوژی و توسعه منابع آب، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه هیدرولوژی و توسعه منابع آب، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پدیده خشک‌سالی هواشناسی و ارتباط آن با پاسخ هیدرولوژیک حوضه از اهمیت ویژه­ای در تدوین برنامه ­های مرتبط با مدیریت جامع آبی حوضه، برخوردار است. در این پژوهش برای ارزیابی و تحلیل پاسخ هیدرولوژیک حوضه به وقوع خشک­سالی­ ها، دوره مشترک 1395-1361 در پنج ایستگاه­ آب­سنجی و باران­سنجی متناظر در حوزه آبخیز کشکان در نظر گرفته شد. رابطه بارندگی و دبی در منطقه به روش رگرسیونی موردبررسی قرار گرفت. سپس شاخص بارش استانداردشده SPI و شاخص دبی استانداردشده SDI در مقیاس‌های زمانی 3، 6، 9، 18،12 و 24 ماهه، محاسبه شد. روابط متقابل SPI و SDI با استفاده از روش همبستگی و به تفکیک زیر­حوضه ­ها، بررسی و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که در بیش از50% طول دوره موردمطالعه، وضعیت خشک‌سالی هواشناسی، نرمال بوده است. بررسی خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک زیرحوضه ­ها، نشان داد که در حوضه‌های با سازند­های کارستی کمتر، فروانی سال­های با وضعیت خشک‌سالی شدید، بیشتر است. حداکثر فراوانی خشک‌سالی هیدرولوژیک با وضعیت شدید در حوضه افرینه با 20% و حداقل نیز 6% در حوضه چم­انجیر بوده است. روند تغییرات ضرایب همبستگی بین دو شاخص SPI و SDI در حوضه­های سراب سید­علی، پل‌دختر و چم­انجیر مشابه و حداکثر  همبستگی در گام زمانی 18 و 24 ماهه با ضریب تبیین 67/0به ­دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Hydrological Response to Meteorological Drought in Kashkan Sub-Catchments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahim Kazemi 1
  • Jahangir Porhemmat 2
  • Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh 1

1 Assist. Professor, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Development, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Development, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The meteorological drought phenomenon and its relationship to the hydrological response of the catchments are of particular importance in the development of programs related to the comprehensive water management of the basin. In this study, a common period (1982-2017) in five corresponding hydrometric and rainfall stations in the Kashkan watershed was considered. The regression relationship between rainfall and discharge was investigated. Then, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized discharge index (SDI) were calculated in time scales of 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. The interrelationships of SPI and SDI in sub- catchments were analyzed using the correlation method. The results showed that in more than 50% of the study period, the meteorological drought was close to normal. hydrological drought investigation of the sub-catchments showed that in the catchments with fewer karst formations, the frequency of years with severe drought was higher. The maximum drought with a severe situation in the Afrine catchment was 20% and the minimum was 6% in the Cham-Anjir catchment. The trend of changes in correlation coefficients between SPI and SDI in Sarab- Seyed Ali, Pol-e Dokhtar, and Cham-Anjir were similar and the maximum was at 18- and 24-month time scale with a coefficient determination of 0.67.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • Hydrological Response
  • Standardized Precipitation Index
  • Time Scale
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