نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه عمران، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Water resources are scarce and unevenly distributed. Virtual water trading can distribute water resources over long distances and reduce the pressure on water resources in low water areas. Because traded goods contain a lot of virtual water. The industrial sector is the main consumer of water in Iran after the agricultural sector. Therefore, this study focuses on a comprehensive study of the virtual water trade of the cement industry in Iran. This study examined the virtual water trade between Iran and 68 countries importing cement from Iran and 40 countries to which Iran has exported cement. The current research period is from 2001 to 2018. The results showed that the virtual water export of cement is 15.385 × 106 m3 per year. The total virtual water export of cement was calculated to be 276.940 × 106 m3. Virtual water of cement is mainly exported to Iraq, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. 83% of virtual water exports of cement go to Asia, 10% to Europe and 7% to Africa. Virtual water imports of Cement are 0.147 × 106 m3 per year and are mainly imported from China, Turkey, UAE, Chinese Taipei and Armenia. 67.75% of virtual water imports of Cement are from Asia, 32.28% from Europe and 0.07% from America.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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