نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

خشک‌سالی رویداد طبیعی است که هرساله کشورهای زیادی را با کمبود آب مواجه می‌کند. اقلیم خشک و نیمه‌خشک و توزیع نامناسب بارندگی ازنظر مکانی و زمانی سبب افزایش دوچندان اثر منفی کمبود منابع آب در کشور ایران شده است. بررسی پدیده خشک‌سالی به‌منظور برنامه­ریزی و مدیریت چگونگی مواجهه با این پدیده امری ضروری است. در این پژوهش وضعیت خشک‌سالی هواشناسی و هیدرولوژیکی حوضه دورود-بروجرد با استفاده از داده‌های پنج ایستگاه هواشناسی و سه ایستگاه هیدرومتری از سال 1366 الی 1395 موردبررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور از شاخص­های هواشناسی خشک‌سالی EDI و شاخص هیدرولوژیکی خشک‌سالی RDI با دبی آستانه Q70 و Q90 بهره گرفته شد. داده بارش روزانه جهت محاسبه شاخص EDI و داده دبی روزانه به‌منظور تعیین شاخص RDI مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده در مقیاس سالانه، ماهانه و منطقه بررسی و مقایسه شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از وجود حالت غالب خشک‌سالی‌های نرمال و متوسط در اکثر مناطق حوضه بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد شاخص EDI حساسیت کم­تری را نسبت به طول دوره آماری نشان می­دهد و دارای تغییرات منطقی زمانی بود؛ لذا، قابلیت لازم برای استفاده در سامانه پایش خشک‌سالی را دارد. این شاخص سال 1391 را خشک‌ترین سال تعیین کرد. همچنین شاخص RDI در هر دو حالت دبی آستانه Q70 و Q90 سال 1370 را خشک‌ترین سال نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Hydrological and Meteorological Drought Monitoring using RDI and EDI Indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mobina Ahmadi 1
  • Shahla Paimozd 2
  • Mahdi Rahimi 3

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Science Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Assist. Professor,, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Arak University, Arak, Iran

3 M.Sc. Alumni, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Drought is a natural event that causes water deficit in many countries every year. Arid and semi-arid climate and inappropriate distribution of rain in terms of spatially and temporally has caused doubled increase of negative effects of water deficit in Iran. It is necessary to study drought phenomenon in order to plan and manage encountering with this phenomenon. In this research, the meteorological and hydrological drought situation of Doroud-Boroujerd basin was investigated using data from five meteorological stations and three hydrometric stations from 1987 to 2016. For this purpose, EDI drought meteorological index and RDI drought hydrological index with threshold discharges of Q70 and Q90 were used. The daily precipitation data were used to calculate EDI index and daily discharge data were used to determine RDI index. The results were assessed and compared on annual, monthly and regional scale. The results indicated the prevalence of normal and moderate droughts in most areas of the basin. Moreover, it was found that the EDI index is less sensitive to the length of the statistical period and has logical time changes; hence, it has the capability required for use in drought monitoring system. This index determined 2012 as the driest year. In addition, RDI index showed 1991 as the driest year in both discharge cases, Q70 and Q90 threshold.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought
  • Threshold Discharge
  • Water Resource Management
  • Watershed
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