نوع مقاله : مطالعه موردی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

تأکید بر منابع آموزشی مبتنی بر سازگاری با کم‌آبی باعث سازگار شدن تولید با شرایط اقلیمی می‌شود. در این پژوهش پس از شناسایی منابع آموزشی، نیازهای آموزشی گلخانه‌داران با تأکید بر شرایط کم‌آبی تعیـین و اولویت‌گذاری شدند. برای نیازسنجی آموزشی از الگوی سه‌بعدی و روش دلفی استفاده شد. در تحلیل داده‌ها از شاخص‌های میانگین، انحراف معیار و آزمون‌های کولموگروف و اسمیرنف، تی تک نمونه‌ای، نشانه تک نمونه‌ای، کروسکال-والیس و یومن ویتنی استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان دادند وضعیت بهره‌برداری از سامانه‌های آبیاری از سه دیدگاه "گلخانه‌داران"، "صاحب‌نظران" و "آموزشگران" به­ترتیب دارای امتیاز 95/0±34/4، 04/1±83/2 و 64/0±86/2 (از امتیاز کل 5) است. وضعیت بهره‌برداری از منابع آموزشی از سه دیدگاه به­ترتیب دارای امتیاز 23/1±26/2، 99/0±46/2 و 10/1±56/2 بود. همچنین میزان آگاهی و مهارت گلخانه‌داران نسبت به نیاز‌های آموزشی از سه دیدگاه به­ترتیب دارای امتیاز 9/0±61/3، 09/1±50/2 و 9/0±48/2 است. ارزیابی‌ها نشان دادند گلخانه‌داران از اصول بهره‌برداری صحیح از سامانه‌های آبیاری آگاهی ندارند و نسبت به نیازهای آموزشی نیز از دانش و مهارت کافی برخوردار نیستند. تغییر در محتوا و نحوه‌ی استفاده از منابع آموزشی با توجه به شرایط و علایق گلخانه‌داران امری ضروری و لازم است. همچنین با اهمیت‌ترین نیازهای آموزشی گلخانه‌داران بر اساس سه دیدگاه به­ترتیب مربوط به گویه‌های «مدیریت زمان مراحل مختلف آبیاری»، «نحوه بهره‌برداری از سامانه‌های آبیاری» و «معرفی سامانه‌های مختلف آبیاری و شناخت معایب و مزایای آن‌ها» بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Operation of Irrigation Systems, Learning Resources and Educational Needs Assessment of Greenhouse Owners with Water Scarcity Adaptation Approach (Case Study: Qazvin Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Navid Farahza 1
  • Bijan Nazari 2

1 PhD Scholar, Department of Water Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

2 Assoc. Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

چکیده [English]

Emphasis on water resources based on adaptation to water scarcity makes production adaptable to climate conditions. In this study, after identifying the educational resources, the educational needs of greenhouse owners were determined prioritized with reference to water scarcity conditions. For the educational needs assessment, three-dimensional model and Delphi method were applied. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation indices and Kolmogorov and Smirnov, one-sample t, one-sample Sign, Kruskal-Wallis, and Yumen-Whitney tests. The findings of this study showed that the operating status of irrigation systems from the three perspectives of "greenhouse owners", "experts" and "trainers" were 4.34±0.95, 2.83±1.04 and 2.86±0.64 (out of 5 points), respectively. The status of exploitation of educational resources from the three points of view were 2.26±1.23, 2.46±0.99 and 2.56±1.10 (out of 5 points), respectively. Moreover, the knowledge and skills of greenhouse owners regarding educational needs from the three perspectives were 3.61±0.9, 2.50±1.09 and 2.48±0.9 (out of 5 points), respectively. Evaluations showed that greenhouse owners are not aware of the principles of proper operation of irrigation systems and do not have sufficient knowledge and skills regarding educational needs. It is necessary to change the content and use of educational resources according to the greenhouse owner's conditions and interests. In addition, the most important educational needs of greenhouses owners based on the three views were "time management of different stages of irrigation", "how to use irrigation systems" and "introduction of different irrigation systems and their disadvantages and benefits".

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • 3D model
  • Delphi
  • Statistical Tests
  • Trainers
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