نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کم آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی همیشه‌بهار در بافت‌های مختلف خاک، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1398-1397 بر پایه‌ی کشت گلدانی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای موردبررسی در این پژوهش شامل چهار سطح آبیاری 100، 85، 70 و 55 % ظرفیت زراعی و سه بافت خاک شامل سیلتی رسی S1، لوم رسی S2 و لوم شنی S3 بود. نتایج نشان‌دهنده روند نزولی در تغییرات تعداد گل به‌عنوان یکی از اجزای مهم عملکرد گل در اثر آبیاری به میزان 85/0، 70/0 و 55/0 ظرفیت زراعی شده و به ترتیب به میزان 7/7، 9/17 و 5/38% بر این صفت اثر گذاشت. استفاده از بافت‌های مختلف خاک منجر به کاهش در تعداد گل، شاخه جانبی و برگ نسبت به تیمار خاک سیلتی رسی شد. استفاده از بافت لوم رسی و سیلتی رسی نسبت به لوم شنی منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار و به میزان 2/26 و 1/38% در تعداد گل، 5/24 و 7/32% در تعداد شاخه جانبی و 8/14 و 1/19% در تعداد برگ شد. بر اساس یافته­های این پژوهش می­توان تیمار آبیاری 85 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و بافت لوم شنی را برای کاشت همیشه‌بهار در شرایط گلخانه‌ای مناسب دانست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effects of Irrigation Levels on Marigold Growth and Yield Properties under Different Soil Texture

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saber Jamali 1
  • HosseinB Banejad 2
  • Abbas Safarizadeh sani 3
  • Sara Attaran 3

1 PhD Scholar, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran

2 Assoc. Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran

3 M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of low irrigation on yield and yield components of Marigold in different soil textures, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2018-2019 based on pot cultivation with 3 replications. The treatments studied in this research included four irrigation levels of 100, 85, 70 and 55% of field capacity and three soil textures including silty clay S1, clay loam S2 and sandy loam S3. The results showed a downward trend in changes in the number of flowers as one of the important components of flower yield due to deficit irrigation with a field capacity of 0.85, 0.70 and 0.55 and 7.7, 17.9 and 38.5%, respectively. The use of different soil textures led to a reduction in the number of flowers, lateral branches and leaves compared to the treatment with silty clay soil. From clay loam and silty clay texture compared to sandy loam led to a significant reduction in the number of flowers (26.2 and 38.1%), in the number of lateral branches (24.5 and 32.7%) and in number of leaves (14.8 and 19.1%). According to the results of this study, irrigation treatment of 85% FC and sandy loam soil texture can be considered for Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under greenhouse conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deficit Irrigation
  • Flower Yield
  • Gitana Cultivar
  • Marigold
  • Water Physical Productivity
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