Investigating the effect of different water and soil conservation practices on some soil properties

Khalaji, Javad; Gharahi, Nasrin; Pajouhesh, Mehdi

doi:10.22034/jewe.2020.248329.1425

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ M.Sc. Student, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

² Assist. Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

³ Assist. Professor, Department of Natural Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/jewe.2020.248329.1425

Abstract

Studying the effects of different types of water and soil protection systems on soil properties is of great importance in soil planning and management and is considered as a move towards sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three systems of water and soil protection in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province on topsoil and subssoil of soil organic carbon content, bulk density, soil stability, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, soil texture, acidity, electrical conductivity and soil permeability at depth of 0-30 and 30-60 cm. By comparing each of the soil physical and chemical properties in exclosure, contour furrow and Pitt seeding and the control areas, it was concluded that in soil and water conservation systems, organic carbon, bulk density, stability, Phosphorus, soil texture, acidity, electrical conductivity of topsoil did not increase significantly and in some cases nitrogen and potassium increased significantly (at the level of 5%). The lowest amount of surface soil nitrogen (0.087%) was observed in excavation improvement operation which had a significant difference with surface soil nitrogen (0.072%) in contour operation. The lowest and highest amount of surface soil organic carbon with significant differences (1.02 and 1.43%) were related to pitt seeding and contour farrow, respectively. Comparison of permeability data in control and protected areas showed that the implementation of water and soil protection operations had a positive effect on soil permeability. In general, the effect of water and soil protection systems on improving soil quality is not absolute and depends entirely on different climatic conditions, geology of each region.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Physics and soil conservation

References

Aghasi, M., Bahmaniar, M. A. and Akbar Zadeh M. (2005). Camperasion of the effects of Exclusion and water spereding on vegetation and soil params in kyasar rangeland Mazandaran proving. J. Agric. Sci. and Nat. Resour., 13(4), 63- 87 [In Pearsian].

Bagheri, R., Mohseni Saravi, M. and Chaechi, M. R. (2009). Effect of ghrazing intensity on some soil chemical properties in a semi arid region. J. Rangel., 3(3), 382-412 [In Persian].

Binkley, D., Singer, F., Kaye, M. and Rochelle, R. (2003). Influence of grazing on soil properties in rockymountain national park, J. Forest. Ecol. Manage., 185 (3), 239-47.

Carter, M. R. and Gregorich, E. G. (1993). Soil Sampling and Methods of analysis. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.198pp.

Dulo, H., Feto, E. and Fisiha, G. (2017). Effects of soil bund on soil physical and chemical properties in Arsi Negelle Woreda, Central Ethiopia. Afr. J. Environ. Sci. and Technol., 11(10), 509–516.

Feyisaa, K., Beyenea, S., Angassa, A., Saidb, M. Y., Leeuwd, Y., Abebea, A. and Megersac, B. (2017). Effects of conserved area management on carbon sequestration, soil properties and vegetation attributes in East African rangelands. Catena., 159, 9–19.

Gharehdaghi, H. (1997). Application of GIS in rangeland management planning Margoon rangeland research station. M. Sc. Thesis, University of Tarbyat modares, Tehran, Iran [In Perarsian].

Ghazan Shahi, J. (2006). Soil and Water analysis. Aeij Publications, 272 pp [in Persian].

Ghermez Cheshmeh, B., Ghayoumian, J. and Feyzian, S. (2003). Applcation of GIS and DSS in selection of proper areas for floodwater spreading in meimeh basin. J. Sci., 2(3-4), 131-115 [In Persian].

Hazelton, P. and Murphy, B. (2007). Interpreting soil test rest results. CSIRO publishing.

Hishe, S., Lyimo, J. and Bewket, W. (2017). Soil and water conservation effect on soil properties in the Middle Silluh Valley. Northern Ethiopia. Int. Soil. Water. Conserv. Res., 5, 231-240.

Hossein Zadeh, G., Jalilvand, H. and Tamartash, R. (2008). Vegetation cover changes and some chemical soil properties in pastures with different grazing intensities. Iran. J. Range. Desert. Res., 4(26), 500- 512 [In Pearsian].

Jafari Footemi, I., Niknahad Gharamakher, H., Akbalou, M. and Bahremanh, A. (2017). Investigation on the effects of biomechanical water and soil conservation practices on some soil properties (case study: Upstream mountains of Gorgan roud catchment). J. Water. manag. res., 8(15), 225- 234 [ in pearsian].

Jafari Haghighi, M. (2003). Soil analysis, sampling and important physical and chemical analysis method with emphasis on theory and application basics. Publications, Nedaye Zoha Press. 240pp [In Persian].

Javadi, S. A., Jafari, M., Azanivand, H. and Alavi, J. (2005). An Investigation of the grazing intensity effects on variations of soil organic matter and nitrogen in Lar rangeland. Iran. J. Nat. Res., 58(3), 711-718 [In Persian].

Jime Nez, C. C., Tejedor, M., Morillas, G. and Neris, J. (2006). Infiltration rates in andisols: effect of changes in vegetation cover (Tenerife, Spain). J. Soil. Water. Conserv., 61, 153–158.

Köppen, W. (1900). Versucheiner Klassifikation der Klimate, vorzugsweise nach ihren Beziehungen zur Pflanzenwelt. Geographische Zeitschrift., 6, 657–679.

Landon, J. R. (1991). A handbook for soil survey and agricultural evaluation in the tropics and subtropics. Longman, Harlow. USDA-Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D. C.

Le Bissonnais, Y. and Arrouays, D. (1997). Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: II Application to humic loamy soils with various organic carbon contents. Euro. J. Soil. Sci., 48, 39–48.

Lemma, T., Menfes, T. and Fantaw, Y. (2017). Effects of integrating different soil and water conservation measures into hillside area closure on selected soil properties in Hawassa Zuria District, Ethiopia. Soil Sci. Environ. Manag., 6(10), 268–274.

Mahdavi, S., Azaryan, A., Javadi, M. and Mahmoodi, J. (2016). Effects of flood spreading on some physic-chemical porpertices and soil fertility (case study; Band Alikhan aera, Varamin). Range., 10(1) 68-80 [In Persian].

McKeon, C. A., Jordan, F. L., Glenn, E. P., Waugh, W. J. and Nelson, S. G. (2005). Rapid nitrate loss from a contaminated desert soil. J. Arid. Environ., 61, 119-136.

McLean, E. O. (1988). Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy Soil Science Society of America Madison. 198 pp.

Mekuria, W. and Aynekulu, E. (2011). Exclosure land management for restoration of the soils in degraded communal grazing lands in Northern Ethiopia. Land. Degrad. Dev., 24, 528–538.

Meteorological Department of Chahar and Mahal Bakhtiari Province. (2018).

Moghiminejad, F., Jafari, M., Chahoki, M. A., Ghasemi Aryan, Y. and Kohandel, A. (2014). Comperison of soil physical and chemical properties between the sites of exclosure and grazing (case study: Nazarabad- Karaj). Iran. J. Range. Desert. Res., 21(4), 643-650 [In Persian].

Padyab, M., Feyznia, S. and Shafeie, A. (2013). Assessment of the effects of floodwater spreading on soil fertility (case study: Gachsaran floodwater sepreading station). Iran. J. Rangel. Desert. Res.,20(1), 117-161 [In parsian].

Tanto, T. and Laekemariam, F. (2019). Impacts of soil and water conservation practices on soil property and wheat productivity in Southern Ethiopia. Environ. Syst. Res., 8(13).

Vahabi, M. R., Bassiri, M. and Khajeddin, J. (1997). Study on cover density species composition and frage production in grazed vs non grazed rengel sites in central zagross. J. Water Soil., 1(1), 59-71 [In Persian].

Walkley, A. and Black, A. (1934). Estimation of soil organic carbon in by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci., 37, 29–38.

Ward, A. D., Trimble, S. W., Buurckhard, S. R. and Lyon, J. G. (2003). Environmental hydrology. Boca Raton Publications.

Worku, H. (2017). Impact of physical soil and water conservation structure on selected soil physicochemical properties in Gondar Zuriya Woreda. Resour. Enviro., 7(2), 40–48.

Zarin Kafsh, M. (1993). Applied soil science. Publications, Tehran University [In Persian].

Environment and Water Engineering

Investigating the effect of different water and soil conservation practices on some soil properties

References

References

Volume 7, Issue 1
March 2021
Pages 143-156

Investigating the effect of different water and soil conservation practices on some soil properties

References

References

Volume 7, Issue 1March 2021Pages 143-156

Volume 7, Issue 1
March 2021
Pages 143-156