نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه خاک شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

4 مربی، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

ویژگی‌های خاک دارای تغییرات مکانی هستند. شناخت و آگاهی از چگونگی تغییرات مکانی ویژگی­های خاک از عوامل مؤثر در مدیریت پایدار اراضی است. درک بهتر تأثیر عوامل مدیریت بر ویژگی­های خاک نیازمند کمی کردن غیریکنواختی و تغییرپذیری آن­ها می­باشد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تغییرات مکانی برخی از ویژگی­های خاک از جمله بافت خاک (رس، سیلت، و شن)، کلسیم کربنات (CaCO3)، کربن آلی و شوری خاک با استفاده از روش‌های زمین­آماری انجام شد. بدین منظور از منطقه مورد مطالعه تعداد 252 نمونه خاک (از عمق cm 20- 0) تهیه و ویژگی­های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک اندازه­گیری شد. پس از نرمال­سازی داده‌ها، نیم­تغیر نمای هر یک از ویژگی­های موردمطالعه محاسبه و بهترین مدل به آن‌ها برازش داده شد. سپس ویژگی‌های موردمطالعه با روش‌های مختلف مکان‌یابی کریجینگ معمولی، کریجینگ ساده، کریجینگ گسسته، کوکریجینگ و وزن دهی عکس فاصله و با استفاده از نرم­افزار ArcGIS تخمین زده شدند. دقت تخمین با استفاده از میانگین خطای مطلق و مجذور میانگین مربعات خطا مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بهترین مدل برای کربن آلی مدل گوسی و برای بقیه متغیرهای اندازه­گیری شده مدل نمایی بود. همچنین، روش کوکریجینگ معمولی برای رس، کلسیم کربنات و کربن آلی، روش وزن دهی معکوس فاصله برای سیلت و شوری خاک و روش کریجینگ معمولی برای شن در مقایسه با سایر روش‌های به‌کاررفته مناسب­تر بود و تخمین‌های دقیق­تری ارائه داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial Distribution of Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil using Geostatistic Methods (Case study: Zabol to Zahedan Route)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vali Behnam 1
  • Ahmad Gholamalizadeh Ahangar 2
  • Mohamad Rahmanian 3
  • Abolfazl Bameri 4

1 Alumni, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Soil Water Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Soil Water Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

3 Assist. Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

4 Lecturer, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Soil Water Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

چکیده [English]

Soil characteristics have spatial variations. Understanding spatial variations of soil characteristics is among the effective factors in sustainable land management. A better understanding the effects of management factors on soil characteristics need to quantify their heterogeneity and variability. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating spatial variations of some soil characteristics such as soil texture (clay, silt and sand), calcium carbonate (CaCo3), soil acidity (pH), and soil salinity using geostatistic methods. For this purpose, 252 soil samples (from 0 to 20 cm depth) were prepared from the study area and physical and chemical properties of soil were measured. After normalizing the data, the half-shift of each of the studied characteristics was calculated and the best model was fitted to them. Then, the characteristics of the study were estimated through different methods of conventional Kriging, simple Kriging, discrete Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) using ArcGIS software. The accuracy of the estimation was evaluated using the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean bias error (MBE), and the root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the best model for the acidity was the spherical model and for the other measured variables was the exponential model. Moreover, the conventional CoKriging method for clay, calcium carbonate and acidity (pH), IDW method for silt and soil salinity, and conventional Kriging method for sand were better than other methods used and provided more accurate estimates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Kriging
  • Cokriging
  • Soil Properties
  • Spatial Variations
  • Sustainable Land Management
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