نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

چکیده

خدمات بوم‌سازگان به سود و مزایای فراهم‌شده مستقیم و غیرمستقیم توسط بوم‌سازگان برای مردم اطلاق می‌شود. مفهوم خدمات بوم‌سازگان در سال‌های اخیر به‌عنوان ابزاری برای تصمیم‌سازی جامع در مدیریت منابع طبیعی، طراحی سیاست‌های کاربری اراضی و آمایش سرزمین شناخته‌شده است. در همین راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف اجرای مدل خدمات بوم‌سازگان نسبت تحویل رسوب InVEST و اولویت‌بندی زیرآبخیزهای تالار در استان مازندران از نظر هدررفت خاک، نگهداشت رسوب و تولید رسوب برنامه‌ریزی شد. بدین منظور، عوامل ورودی مدل شامل فرسایندگی باران، فرسایش‌پذیری خاک، کاربری اراضی، مدل رقومی ارتفاع، مدیریت زراعی، مدیریت اراضی، شاخص اتصال رسوبی، پارامتر K (تعیین‌کننده شکل ارتباط اتصال هیدرولوژیک و نسبت تحویل رسوب) و حداکثر نسبت تحویل رسوب در آبخیز مطالعاتی تهیه و برای اجرا به مدل مذکور معرفی شد. بر اساس نتایج، مقدار هدررفت خاک، نگهداشت رسوب و تولید رسوب بر حسب ton در مقیاس سالانه به‌ترتیب برابر با 652683، 757588 و 57426 به‌دست آمد. هم‌چنین، تغییرات مکانی متغیرهای موردبررسی حاکی از روند افزایشی از سمت جنوب به شمال آبخیز مطالعاتی می‌باشد. علاوه بر این، زیرآبخیز آسران (ton/ha 23/2) از نظر خدمت هیدرولوژیک نگهداشت رسوب و زیرآبخیز قدمگاه از نظر هدررفت خاک (ton/ha 43/4) و تولید رسوب (ton/ha 39/0) به‌عنوان زیرآبخیزهای بحرانی مشخص شدند. نتایج اولویت‌بندی زیرحوضه‌ها بر اساس نگهداشت رسوب می‌تواند در سیاست‌گذاری‌های مرتبط با محیط‌زیست به‌منظور انجام عملیات‌های اجرایی احیاء و در نهایت نیل به توسعه پایدار در منطقه مطالعاتی مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of InVEST Ecosystem Services Model to Prioritize Sub-watersheds of Talar in term of Soil Erosion, Sediment Retention and Yield

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Zabihi 1
  • Hamid Reza Moradi 2
  • Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan 2
  • Mehdi Gholamalifard 3

1 PhD Alumni, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

2 Assoc. Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

3 Assist. Professor, Department of the Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

Ecosystem services refer to the benefits and advantages provided directly and indirectly by ecosystem to the people. The concept of ecosystem services has been recognized as a tool for comprehensive decision-making in natural resource management, land use policy design and land use planning in recent years. In this regard, the present study was planned to implement the InVEST sediment delivery ratio (SDR) model and prioritize sub-watersheds of the Talar in Mazandaran province in terms of soil loss, sediment retention and sediment yield. For this purpose, the input factors of the model prepared were including rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, land use, digital elevation model, crop management, land management, sediment connectivity index, K parameter (Determinant of the relationship shape between hydrological connection and SDR) and maximum SDR in the study watershed and then were employed to the mentioned model. Based on the results, the amount of annual soil loss, sediment retention and, sediment yield (ton) obtained were 652683, 757588 and 57426, respectively. Moreover, the spatial changes of the studied variables indicated an increasing trend from the south to the north of the research watershed. In addition, Aseran sub-watershed (2.23 ton/ha) in terms of sediment retention hydrological service and Ghadmagah sub-watershed in terms of soil loss (4.43 ton/ha) and sediment yield (0.39 ton/ha) as critical sub-watersheds were identified. The results of sub-watersheds prioritization based on sediment retention can be used in environmental policy-making in order to carry out executive operations of rehabilitation and achieving sustainable development in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydrological Watershed Service
  • Land Management
  • Land Use
  • Sustainable Development
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