نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

2 استاد، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش تجزیه و تحلیل تغییرات کمی و مقایسه آماری شاخص­های هیدرولوژیکی جریان رودخانه­ای در اثر ساخت سد یامچی در ایستگاه­های آب­یابی بالادست و پایین دست در طی دوره 2004-2013 در استان اردبیل بود. برای این منظور، منحنی طول جریان (FDC) و 30 شاخص هیدرولوژیکی در ایستگاه­های بالادست و پایین­دست سد یامچی محاسبه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری هر یک از شاخص­ها با استفاده از آزمون­های t زوجی و آنالیز FDC محاسبه شد. با توجه به نتایج، میانگین دبی پرآبی در ایستگاه های نیر (بالادست) و پله الماس (پایین دست) برای محاسبه برابر 43/1 و m3/s 73/0 محاسبه شده است که نشان دهنده تفاوت معنی داری بین این ایستگاه ها از نظر دبی پرآبی نیست. بنابراین، دبی بیشینه و کمینه و آهنگ دبی 5، 85 ، 90 ، 95 و احتمال  Q90/Q50، شیب، انحراف معیار و شاخص خط از نظر تأثیر ساخت سد اختلاف معنی داری داشت و میانگین دبی کاهش یافته است. علاوه بر این، شاخص های تخلیه صفر، صفر درصد، جریان کم، جریان زیاد، نرمال، میانه، نما، 25، 35، 45، 50، 65، 75، 85% بیش از حد و تخلیه  Q90/Q50اختلاف معنی­داری را نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد که تخلیه رژیم رودخانه در ایستگاه پل-آلماس تحت تأثیر سد یامچی قرار دارد و میانگین تخلیه کاهش یافته است. علاوه بر این، بین شاخص­های هیدرولوژیکی حداقل و حداکثر دبی و FDC در ایستگاه­های مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی­داری وجود دارد. بنابراین، ارزیابی تغییرات رژیم­های رودخانه­ای، امکان تصمیم گیری مدیریت صحیح را در استفاده از جریان رودخانه فراهم می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative Changes and Statistical Comparison of River Flow Hydrological Indicators after the Construction of Yamchi Dam, Ardabil, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raoof Mostafazadeh 1
  • Fariba Esfandiyari Darabad 2
  • Leila Mohammadirad 3
  • Khadijeh Haji 4

1 Assoc. Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil

2 Professor, Department of Natural Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 M.Sc. Student, Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

4 Ph.D Scholar, Department of Watershed Management Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was to analyze the quantitative changes and statistical comparison of the hydrological river flow indices due to dam construction in the upstream and downstream hydrometric stations during 2004-2013 period at the Ardabil Province. For this purpose, the flow duration curve (FDC) and 30 hydrologic indicators in the upper and lower stations of Yamchi Dam were calculated. The statistical analysis was performed against calculated indices using paired t-test and FDC analysis. According to the results, the mean high-water discharge in Nir (upstream) and Poleh Almas (downstream) stations was calculated to be equal 1.43 and 1.73 m3/s, indicating no significant differences between these stations in term of high-water discharge. Therefore, the maximum and minimum flow and discharge rates of 5, 85, 90, 95 exceedance probabilities and Q90/Q50, slope, standard deviation and Lane Index had significant difference under the effect of dam construction and the mean discharge was reduced. Moreover, indicators of zero discharge, zero percent, low flow, high flow, normal, median, mode, 25, 35, 45, 50, 65, 75, 85 exceedance percent and discharge of Q90/Q50 experienced a significant difference. The results showed that the river regime discharge in Pole-Almas station is affected by the Yamchi Dam and the average discharge had reduced. In addition, there is a significant difference between hydrological indicators of minimum and maximum discharge and FDCs at studied stations. Therefore, evaluating the changes in river regimes provides the possibility of making sound management decisions in river flow utilization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flow Timing
  • Human Intervention
  • Hydrological Regime
  • River Ecology
  • Water Resources Management
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