نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس. تهران. ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس. تهران. ایران

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران. بابلسر. ایران

چکیده

امروزه پدیده­ی سیل یکی از پیچیده­ترین رخدادهای مخاطره­آمیز است که بیش از سایر بلایای طبیعی دیگر، همه‌ساله در نقاط مختلف دنیا منجر به ایجاد خسارت­های جانی و مالی و تخریب اراضی کشاورزی می­شود؛ بنابراین تهیه نقشه حساسیت به وقوع سیلاب نخستین گام در برنامه مدیریت سیلاب است. هدف از این پژوهش شناسایی مناطق حساس به سیل با استفاده از دو مدل یادگیری ماشین جنگل تصادفی (RF) و خطی تعمیم‌یافته بیزین (GLMbayesian) در حوزه آبخیز تجن در استان مازندران، شهرستان ساری بود. نقشه پراکنش سیلاب­های گذشته به‌منظور پیش­بینی سیلاب در آینده تهیه شد. از بین 263 رخداد سیلاب، 80% (210 رخداد سیل) به‌منظور مدل‌سازی و 20% (53 رخداد سیل) به‌منظور اعتبارسنجی استفاده شد. با بررسی مطالعات قبلی و پیمایش منطقه موردمطالعه 13 عامل مؤثر به‌منظور پهنه­بندی سیلاب انتخاب و تهیه شد. نتایج نشان داد که سه فاکتور ارتفاع (55/21)، فاصله از رودخانه (28/15) و شیب (18/11) به­ترتیب بیش­ترین تأثیر را در سیل گیری منطقه موردمطالعه دارند. همچنین نتایج ارزیابی خروجی مدل­ها نشان داد که مقدار AUC در مدل RF و GLMbayesian به­ترتیب 91/0 و 847/0 بود که نشان‌دهنده برتری مدل RF و دقت بیش­تر این مدل در تهیه نقشه حساسیت به وقوع سیل در منطقه موردمطالعه می­باشد. بیش­ترین مساحت حساسیت به سیل در مدل RF مربوط به طبقه خیلی کم و در مدل GLMbayesian مربوط به طبقه زیاد است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Random Forest Machine Learning and Generalized Bayesian Linear Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Taghi Avand 1
  • Hamid Reza Moradi 2
  • Mehdi Ramazanzadeh 3

1 PhD Scholar, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assoc. Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3 Assist. Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, the phenomenon of flooding is one of the most complex hazardous events that, more than any other natural disaster, causes deaths and finances every year in different parts of the world. Therefore, flood susceptibility mapping is the first step in a flood management program. The purpose of this study was to identify flood susceptible areas using two methods of random forest (RF) and Bayesian generalized linear model (GLMbayesian) machine learning in the Tajan watershed in Mazandaran province, Sari. Past flood distribution maps were prepared to predict future floods. Of the 263 flood locations, 80% (210 flood locations) was used for modeling and 20% (53 flood locations) was used for validation. Based on previous studies and surveying of the study area, 13 conditional factors were selected for flood zoning. The results showed that three factors of elevation (21.55), distance from the river (15.28) and slope (11.18) had the highest impact on flood occurrence in the study area, respectively. The results also showed that the AUC values for RF and GLMbayesian models were 0.91 and 0.847, respectively, indicating the superiority of the RF model and the accuracy of this model in flood susceptibility mapping in the study area. The highest flood susceptibility area in the RF model is in the very low class and the high class in the GLMbayesian model.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flood Damage
  • GLMbayesian Model
  • RF Model
  • ROC Curve
  • Tajan Watershed
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