Improvement Performance in Treatment Systems of Industrial Wastewater for Reuse using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Sajad
Kiyani
Eexpert in Toyserkan Department of Environment, Toyserkan, Hamadan, Iran
author
Vahed
Kiyani
Visiting Lecturar, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Hamadan University of Payamenur, Hamadan, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Reuse of wastewater plays a key role in reducing the consumption of water resources. Results show that the use of wastewater in agriculture had a positive effect on sodium absorption ratio and humus soil and improves soil conditions. The aim of this study was to improve the performance of the treatment of industrial effluents for reuse through applying the analytic hierarchy process. In determining the promotion of industries wastewater treatment system, the most important criterion was environment with relative weighting of 43.7%; the best sub-criterion was desired treatment degree with relative weight of 23.6%. regarding to management criteria, the best sub-criterion was sustainable operation with relative weight of 28.8%; for the economic criteria, the sub-criterion was the land requirement with relative weight of 58.2% and finally for technical criteria, the sub-criterion was treatment plant upgrading and development with the relative weight of 38.5%. Therefore, for improving system performance of the industrial wastewater treatment to prevent the accumulation of heavy metals, recycling and increased soil salinity to the level not resulting in soil salinity are recommended as environmental criteria (degree of treatment).
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
208
218
http://www.jewe.ir/article_34364_a0c7e271890eade2169a24ee80535159.pdf
Synoptic Analysis of Heavy Rainfall Caused by Scut-Off Low in Bazoft Basin (Case study: Precipitation during March 8-13, 2010)
Hossein
Asakereh
Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
Nargas
Hesami
M.Sc., Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
Zainnab
Shahmohammadi
M.Sc., Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
The specific nature of heavy precipitation and its consequences have caused the phenomenon of particular importance in environmental planning and management of water. analysis Synoptic conditions of atmospheric circulation patterns and identifying factors affecting the occurrence of heavy precipitation are very important. In this study, to analyze the effect of low-pressure cut blocking system on the precipitation during 8 -13 March 2010, the weather maps of mean sea level pressure, geopotential height at 500 and 850 hPa level, wind components, moisture flux convergence and Omega indicators were analyzed. Using synoptic maps, position and movement of weather systems such as troughs and ridges, wind field, and high-pressure and low-pressure systems near the ground level were evaluated. The data of daily precipitation and hourly flow rate were analyzed for 29 meteorological stations and hydrometery within and outside the basin. The results suggest the establishment of Scut-off low in the East Mediterranean and its associated trough displacement and ground accompaniment during 8-13 March, which have provided the conditions for the creation of heavy rainfall. Wind field in atmospheric levels, especially at 850 hPa level, have an important role in humidity feeding of atmospheric systems. The negative values of Omega also resulted in the promotion of air aerodynamics in the atmospheric levels and strengthening of convective flows has led to precipitation.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
219
235
http://www.jewe.ir/article_33982_7b96bb33b3dbaf924517f648008a7142.pdf
Determining the Sediment Yield of Geological Formation using Sediment Fingerprinting (Case Study: Kurdistan Zarivar Lake Watershed)
Sadat
Faiznia
Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
Seyyed Dana
Hesami
M.Sc., Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
One of the effective method in identification of sediment sources and erosion is recognition of erodible formation in drainage basin witch can be performed by using geochemical tracing method. In this research, due to high sediment production of south west part of Zarivar Lake Drainage Basin presence of small dams in this part, fine sediment sample were investigated using geochemical method. The percentage of contribution of lithological units and formation in fine-grained sediment portion was determined and erodibility map of geological materials was prepared using this method. Geochemical studies showed that SK-Hf lithological unit consisting of skarn and small hornfels with relative importance of 82.54% has the highest amount of sediment yield potential in the studied area and Qla lithological unit with relative importance of 8.37% has the lowest of sediment yield potential.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
236
246
http://www.jewe.ir/article_33991_da9a6f317560042c59ccbec851ee11ff.pdf
Assessing biological and chemical indicators of water used in Dialysis Ward of one of the Sanandaj hospitals
Bayan
Vakili
Member of Student Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Behzad
Shahmoradi
Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran and
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Bijan
Nouri
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Asad
Nouri
Member of Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Yahya
Zandsalimi
Postgraduate student, Member of Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
The used dialysis liquid is considered as the largest volume of water used in medicine. The concentrated liquid is manufactured in equal commercial quality and fully controlled procedure. But the quality of water used may pose different qualities. Using ordinary tap water to dialysate has always the possibility of transmission of potentially toxic substances from the patient's blood along with it. Therefore, the quality of water used to prepare dialysis solution is of great importance. The aim of this study was to determine microbial and chemical parameters of water used in dialysis center in one of the hospitals in Sanandaj City. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 35 water samples from 10 hemodialysis machine were randomly selected. The study was performed in the second quarter of 2015. The chemical sampling was carried out once per month while the microbial sampling was taken twice per month. Evaluation of chemical and microbial indicators of water used in the dialysis ward of the hospital in Sanandaj showed that the water does not have microbial contamination but exceeding elements such as nitrite, sodium, calcium, and magnesium than the standard in some of the samples make it essential to do further monitoring of the water treated in dialysis ward.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
247
256
http://www.jewe.ir/article_34340_d0c5c4aa15f2eefe7af3d7f101a8cf65.pdf
Adsorption Efficiency of Olive Powder in Removal of Chromium Ions from Aqueous Solutions using Continuous Flow Method
Samira
Mansuri Chemeh
M.Sc. student of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
author
Ali
Shahidi
Associate Prof., Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
author
Abas
Khashei Siwaki
Assist. Prof., Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Water crisis has become one of the mankind issues in recent decade. The need for supplying and developing water resources is a crucial task for conserving and extending water resources. Releasing of heavy metals in the environment caused by industrialization and urbanization is a worldwide concern. These pollutants have attracted the attention of researchers due to their high toxicity, non-degradability, and cumulative effects. In the present study, absorption of chromium (VI) was assessed in continuous flow mode using fixed bed column of dark olive powder and the performance of the adsorbent column was evaluated by changing the flow rate and initial chromium concentration. The results showed that the break curve of the adsorption column is depended on the variables studied. Moreover, the total amount of chromium ion adsorbed and the column adsorption capacity decreased with increasing flow rate but increased by increasing the concentration of initial chromium. The maximum chromium adsorbed was 85% at flow rate of 4 ml/min and Cr(VI) of 0.07 mg/l. Hence, the as-prepared olive powder adsorbent could be used as a cheap adsorbent for removal of chromium from aqueous media because of its natural abundance, low preparation cost, simple preparation methodology, compliance with environment and having high adsorption capacity. It is recommended that the continuous flow method with reference to the parameters optimized be used in the chemical treatment processes of water and wastewater.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
257
266
http://www.jewe.ir/article_38903_a6663cdea2b493b403c7b84905a5a234.pdf
Geochemical and environmental monitoring of the major and minor elements in coastal sediments of Hormoz Island coasts and drawing its distribution maps
Mahdi
Gholamdokht Bandari
M.Sc. of Sedimentology and Sedimentary Lithology, Department of Natural Resources and Watershed, Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
author
Payman
Rezaee
PhD of Sedimentology and Sedimentary Lithology, Department of Geology and Mangrove Forest Research Institute, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
author
Mansour
Ghorbani
PhD of Sedimentology and Sedimentary Lithology, Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
author
Mohammad
Kamangar
M.Sc. of Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Assessing pollution of coastal sediments is environmentally and ecologically important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine environmental pollution and to prepare the geochemical distribution map of elements in the coastal sediments of Hormoz Island at the north of Hormoz Strait. For this purpose, 27 sediment samples were taken to a depth of 10 cm from the surface sediments. These samples were analyzed for the elemental composition using X-ray fluorescence method (XRF). The elemental spatial distribution was mapped using linear Kriging method in GIS environment. The sediments mineralogical analysis using XRF showed that the sediment is mainly consisted of a collection of minerals such as hematite, calcite, quartz, feldspar, plagioclase, dolomite, aragonite, clay minerals and heavy minerals. Calculating the Muller environmental indices (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) showed that the sediments of the coastal strip of the Hormuz Island are contaminated with Cr, As, and Pb. Based on the sedimentology and sedimentary geochemistry on one hand and refereeing to interpreting the distribution maps on the other hand, it became clear that alteration and erosion of rock units exposed in the center of the Hormuz Island series under hot and humid weather conditions are the source of these elements. Source of chromium is caused by anthropogenic activities.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
267
283
http://www.jewe.ir/article_32097_e0b4930541915d4437d2ed2d11046b09.pdf
Investigation on wastewater quality of food industry of Hamedan Province (Case study: Khosh Noosh Company)
Maesumeh
Parchian
M.Sc. student of Environmental Pollution, Department of Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamadan, Iran
author
Bahareh
Lorestani
Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamadan, Iran
author
Mehrdad
Cheraghi
Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamadan, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Food industries are among the main national industries allocating a significant contribution in terms of total production, water consumption, and effluent generation. Khosh Noosh company is one of the main food industry in Hamedan City that its effluent releases into the Jorghan River after treatment and finally IS USED for irrigation of agricultural lands. The aim of this study was to assess the company's effluent quality and its comparison with the standards of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, World Health Organization and the National Department of Environment. During this study, a station from the exit of the company and the entrance to the Jorghan River was selected and parameters of pH, TSS, TDS, COD, BOD5, total coliform and fecal coliform were evaluated. The study found that there is a significant relationship between pH and the standard of National Department of Environment at 95% confidential level. However, no significant relationship was stablished between other parameters and this standard. With a confidence level of 95%, there was a significant difference between TDS and the World Health Organization and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standards. The correlation between chemical and biological factors in Khosh Noosh Company indicated that there is a significant relationship only between BOD5 to COD and pH and also between pH and total coliforms with 95% confidence level. While no significant relationship exists between other factors.
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
284
290
http://www.jewe.ir/article_34124_2b395af05829d06f026de4fa9cbde604.pdf
Review on mechanisms of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) removal from water and wastewater by ionizing radiation
Hemayat
Asgari Lajayer
PhD Student, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Nosratalah
Najafi
Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Ebrahim
Moghiseh
Assistant Professor, Nuclear Agriculture Research Center, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2016
per
Consumption of PPCPs has been increased with population growth. PPCPs including a diverse group of drugs used in veterinary medicine, agriculture practices, human health, such as painkiller, antibiotics, hormones and etc. Due to the inability of physical treatment processes such as nano-filtration and reverse osmosis and biological process such as activated sludge in decomposition of PPCPs, these types of emerging organic pollutants are released into rivers, lakes, groundwater and even drinking water resources. With the development of new technologies, ionizing radiation is proposed to destroy PPCPs in aquatic environments. Ionizing irradiation is an effective method in removal and mineralization of a wide range of PPCPs and has removal and mineralization efficiencies more than 50% for compounds such as clofibric acid, metoprolol, diphenolic acid, paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, acetovanillone, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. For removal of PPCPs with ionizing radiation, identifying intermediate and final products is essential for realizing their removal mechanisms, optimizing their removal efficiency and awareness of stability and toxicity of original compounds and their byproducts. Due to increasing intractable use of drugs, antibiotics and cosmetics on the one hand and the use of activated sludge system for biological refinement in most wastewater refinement plants and the inability of this system to remove emerging pollutants as PPCPs on the other hand, effluents produced in Iran wastewater refineries may contain significant concentrations of PPCPs. Therefore, a national research is needed for the removal of PPCPs and other organic pollutants by ionizing radiation in future studies
Environment and Water Engineering
Iranian Rainwater Catchment Systems Association
2476-3683
2
v.
3
no.
2016
291
305
http://www.jewe.ir/article_34365_d3457c7afa6a45c282f3ad26b121bb47.pdf