نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، محقق مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین و عضو بنیاد ملی نخبگان

چکیده

انتشار روزافزون گازهای گلخانه‌ای ازجمله عواملی است که طی دهه‌های اخیر بر سرعت به‌وجود آمدن پدیده تغییر اقلیم تأثیر گذاشته است. در مطالعه حاضر ابتدا با بهره‌گیری از داده‌های سری زمانی سال‌های 1392-1385 و مدل شبیه‌سازی RCM-PRECIS اثر انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای بر متغیرهای اقلیمی دما و بارش تحت سناریوهای مختلف در حوزه‌های آبخیز استان قزوین بررسی شد. سپس، جهت بررسی میزان اثرگذاری متغیرهای دما و بارش بر عملکرد محصولات منتخب از روش حداقل مربعات معمولی (OLS) و تحلیل‌های رگرسیونی استفاده شد. در ادامه با لحاظ نمودن نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی در مدل برنامه‌ریزی ریاضی مثبت (PMP)، میزان تغییرات به‌وجود آمده در عرضه و تقاضای آب آبیاری و تولیدات بخش کشاورزی در حوزه‌های آبخیز استان قزوین بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای تحت سناریوهای A، B و C، متغیرهای اقلیمی دما و بارش را به میزان 43/0 تا 27/1 درجه سلیسیوس و 1/14- تا 31/1 میلی‌متر متأثر می‌سازد. این امر عملکرد محصولات منتخب را در سطح حوزه‌های آبخیز استان قزوین تغییر می‌دهد. با تغییر در عملکرد، سطح زیر کشت محصولات زراعی از 51/10- تا 17/3 درصد، میزان عرضه آب آبیاری از 4/10- تا 64/1 درصد و میزان تقاضای آب آبیاری از 60/1 تا 35/7 درصد تغییر می‌کند. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین کاهش شکاف بین عرضه و تقاضای آب آبیاری در حوزه‌های آبخیز خررود و شاهرود به میزان 20/9 و 82/1 درصد حاصل می‌شود. با برآورد شکاف بین عرضه و تقاضای آب آبیاری می‌توان تصمیمات درخور و مناسبی را جهت پایداری منابع آب در سطح حوزه‌های آبخیز استان قزوین اتخاذ نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effects of Greenhouse Gases Emission on Supply and Demand of Irrigation Water in Watersheds of Qazvin Province

نویسنده [English]

  • Abozar Parhizkari

PhD Scholar, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of PNU, Tehran; Researcher of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of Qazvin Province; Member of the National Foundation of Elites

چکیده [English]

Increasing the emissions of greenhouse gases is among the factors affected the speed of occurrence of
climate change during recent decades. In present study, first using time series data of 2006-2012 and
RCM-PRECIS simulation model, the impacts of greenhouse gases emission on climatic variables of
temperature and precipitation was investigated under different scenarios in watersheds of Qazvin
Province. Then, the ordinary least squares (OLS) method and regression analysis were used to assess the
impacts of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation on the selected products yield. Afterwards,
considering the results of regression analysis in positive mathematical programing (PMP) model, the
amount of the created variation in supply and demand of irrigation water and agricultural output in
watersheds of Qazvin Province was investigated. The results showed that emission of greenhouse gases
under scenarios A, B, and C affects the climatic variables of temperature and precipitation about 0.43 to
1.27 °C and -14.1 to 1.31 mm respectively. This case changes the selected products yield in the surface of
each river basin of Qazvin Province. Change in yield affects acreage of agricultural crops by about -10.51
to 3.17 percent, the amount of irrigation water supply by about -10.4 to 1.64 percent, and the amount of
irrigation water demand by about 1.60 to 7.35 percent. Moreover, the results showed that maximum and
minimum decrease in the gap between supply and demand of irrigation water happens in Kharroud and
Shahroud watersheds by about 9.20 and 1.82 percent respectively. With estimating the gap between
demand and supply of irrigation water, one can adopt the appropriate decisions for sustainable water
resources in watersheds of Qazvin Province.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Positive Mathematical Programing
  • Water Demand
  • Greenhouse Gases
  • general circulation model
  • Qazvin
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